Writing Odia in LaTeX

Finally I was able to write Odia letters in LaTeX. I tried polyglossia but somehow couldn't make it work. Then I succeeded with the fontspec package. It came out to be simpler than all the complex indic examples found in web. Here is the document. 

 Note: Odia unicode font file kalinga.ttf must be present in C:\Windows\Fonts folder. PdfLatex wont work, One must use XeLatex to compile the document

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{fontspec}

\newfontfamily\oriyafont{kalinga.ttf}

\DeclareTextFontCommand{\textodia}{\oriyafont}

\title{\LaTeX \textodia{ରେ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଲେଖା}}

\author{\textodia{ସ୍ୱରୁପାନନ୍ଦ ବିଷୟୀ}}

\begin{document}

\date{}

\maketitle

\section{\textodia{ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆରୁ}}

\textodia{ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଏକ ଭାରତୀୟ ଭାଷା ଯାହା ଏକ ଇଣ୍ଡୋ-ଇଉରୋପୀୟ ଭାଷାଗୋଷ୍ଠୀ ଅନ୍ତର୍ଗତ ଇଣ୍ଡୋ-ଆର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଭାଷା । ଏହା ଭାରତ ଦେଶର ଓଡ଼ିଶା ପ୍ରଦେଶରେ ସର୍ବାଧିକ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର କରାଯାଉଥିବା ମୁଖ୍ୟ ସ୍ଥାନୀୟ ଭାଷା ଯାହା ୯୧}.\textodia{୮୫}\% \textodia{ଲୋକ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହର କରନ୍ତି । ଓଡ଼ିଶା ସମେତ ଏହା ପଶ୍ଚିମ ବଙ୍ଗ, ଛତିଶଗଡ଼, ଝାଡ଼ଖଣ୍ଡ, ଆନ୍ଧ୍ର ପ୍ରଦେଶ ଓ ଗୁଜରାଟ (ମୂଳତଃ ସୁରଟ)ରେ କୁହାଯାଇଥାଏ । ଏହା ଓଡ଼ିଶାର ସରକାରୀ ଭାଷା । ଏହା ଭାରତର ସମ୍ବିଧାନ ସ୍ୱିକୃତୀପ୍ରାପ୍ତ ୨୨ଟି ଭାଷା ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଗୋଟିଏ ଓ ଝାଡ଼ଖଣ୍ଡର ୨ୟ ପ୍ରଶାସନିକ ଭାଷା । ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଷଷ୍ଠ ଭାରତୀୟ ଭାଷା ଭାବରେ ଏକ ସ୍ୱତନ୍ତ୍ର ଓ ଅନ୍ୟ ଭାଷାଦ୍ୱାରା ପ୍ରଭାବିତ ହୋଇ ନ‌ ଥିବା ଭାଷା ଭାବରେ ଶାସ୍ତ୍ରୀୟ ଭାଷାର ମାନ୍ୟତା ପାଇଛି ।}

\end{document}

Divisibility

 One of my friends asked me to come up with a solution for this problem in Java/C#

public int isXDivisibleByY(int x, int y)
{
/* 
The method should meet the following conditions:

1. Method returns 1, if X can   be divided by Y without a remainder
2. Method returns 0, if X can't be divided by Y without a remainder
3. Solution must not include any conditional checks (if condition, equality operators, the ternary and null-coalescing operators etc.)
4. Solution must not include any exception handling (try-catch-finally)
5. It should work all kinds of inputs of x and y
*/
}

Challenges & Solutions

1. I had failed to notice that there is no straight forward way to cast a boolean to int in Java. This is missing in Java because Java designers (correctly) recognized that the boolean / integer overloading in C and C++ was a significant source of errors. Source (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16281760/why-doesnt-java-allow-casting-boolean-int). Thank God, there's this weird compareTo method in Boolean.
2. Without a try-catch-Finally, Handling divide by Zero gracefully is not easy. However a simple cast of float to the divisor is handy. Thanks to the division rules https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se7/html/jls-15.html#jls-15.17.2

Final Solution by me:

public int isXDivisibleByY(int x, int y )
{
return 1 - Boolean.compare((x%(float)y) > 0, false) ;
}

Well, compare method may use conditionals internally but I guess, this is one possible solution without a visible conditional...

Next thing to try: Applying https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divisibility_rule

XML Serialization in Android

I needed XML serialization in Android badly. I had lot of schemas and I didn’t have the patience to parse the XML using Sax. You can use JAXB to marshal and unmarshal XML. Using XJC - the JAXB Binding compiler you can generate the java classes from your schema.

JAXB is not available for Android, because dalvik does not support Reflection.

But thanks to Simple XML ,  with few modifications of JAXB generated, I could entirely convert my xml to java class object.

The articles at simple xml site are really helpful.

Edited the schema book.xsd from msdn link as follows:

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">

  <xs:element name="catalog">

    <xs:complexType>

      <xs:sequence>

        <xs:element name ="book" type="Book" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>

      </xs:sequence>

    </xs:complexType>

  </xs:element>

  <xs:complexType name="Book">

    <xs:sequence>

      <xs:element name="author" type="xs:string"/>

      <xs:element name="title" type="xs:string"/>

      <xs:element name="price" type="xs:float"/>

      <xs:element name="description" type="xs:string"/>

      <xs:sequence>

        <xs:element name ="UserReview" type="UserReview" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>

      </xs:sequence>

    </xs:sequence>

    <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:string"/>

    <xs:attribute name="genre" type="Genre"/>

  </xs:complexType>

 

  <xs:complexType name="Review">

    <xs:simpleContent>

      <xs:extension base="xs:string">

        <xs:attribute name="language" type="xs:string" />

      </xs:extension>

    </xs:simpleContent>

  </xs:complexType>

  <xs:complexType name="UserReview">

    <xs:sequence>

      <xs:element maxOccurs="1" name="Date" type="xs:string" />

      <xs:sequence>

        <xs:element name="Review" type="Review" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="2" />

      </xs:sequence>

    </xs:sequence>

    <xs:attribute name="userid" type="xs:string" use="required" />

  </xs:complexType>

  <xs:simpleType name="Genre">

    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">

      <xs:enumeration value="Fiction"/>

      <xs:enumeration value="NonFiction"/>

      <xs:enumeration value="Children"/>

    </xs:restriction>

  </xs:simpleType>

 

</xs:schema>

Xjc.exe must be found in your JAVA_HOME/bin folder. Add the bin path to your system Path variable.

Now create the java classes from the book schema using xjc. For ex:

xjc -p in.blogspot.negabinary book.xsd

Add the generated package to your application source.

It’s time to replace the JAXB annotations with SimpleXML annotations.

Download Simple XML Serialization library from here

Copy the simple-xml-2.6.6.jar (found inside the folder simple-xml-2.6.6\jar) to your application source libs folder.

Remove all import javax.xml.bind.* from the generated sources. Edit your class sources like the table below:

(Note: this table does not contain all the replacements)

Original JAXB generated class	Replace with SimpleXML annotation
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD) @XmlType(name = "", propOrder = {     "book" }) @XmlRootElement(name = "catalog")	@Root
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD) @XmlType(name = "Review", propOrder = {     "value" })	@Default
@XmlAttribute(name = "language")     protected String language;	@Attribute(name = "language", required=false)     protected String language; Note: unless specified, required=true. Therefore you have to make required=false
@XmlElement(name = "Date", required = true)     protected String date;	@Element(name = "Date", required = true)     protected String date;
@XmlValue     protected String value;	@Text(required=false)
@XmlElement(name = "UserReview", required = true)         protected List<UserReview> userReview;	@ElementList(entry = "UserReview", inline = true)         protected List<UserReview> userReview; Note: ElementList is bit tricky. ‘name’ won’t work, ‘entry’ works.
@XmlType(name = "Genre") @XmlEnum public enum Genre {	I don’t know how to do. Used String instead

Once you modify all your classes in SimpleXML format, its time to test your application.

A simple try as follows:

Catalog catalog ;

              try {

                     StringReader sr = new StringReader("<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <catalog> <book id='id1' genre='Fiction'> <author>author1</author> <title>title1</title> <price>1</price> <description>description1</description> <UserReview userid='userid1'> <Date>Date1</Date> <Review language='language1'>Review1</Review> <Review language='language2'>Review2</Review> </UserReview> <UserReview userid='userid2'> <Date>Date2</Date> <Review language='language3'>Review3</Review> <Review language='language4'>Review4</Review> </UserReview> <UserReview userid='userid3'> <Date>Date3</Date> <Review language='language5'>Review5</Review> <Review language='language6'>Review6</Review> </UserReview> </book> <book id='id2' genre='NonFiction'> <author>author2</author> <title>title2</title> <price>-3.40282347E+38</price> <description>description2</description> <UserReview userid='userid4'> <Date>Date4</Date> <Review language='language7'>Review7</Review> <Review language='language8'>Review8</Review> </UserReview> <UserReview userid='userid5'> <Date>Date5</Date> <Review language='language9'>Review9</Review> <Review language='language10'>Review10</Review> </UserReview> <UserReview userid='userid6'> <Date>Date6</Date> <Review language='language11'>Review11</Review> <Review language='language12'>Review12</Review> </UserReview> </book> </catalog>") ;

                     Serializer serializer = new Persister();

                     catalog = serializer.read(Catalog.class, sr);

                     Log.v("TEST", catalog.getBook().get(0).getAuthor()) ;

              } catch (Exception e) {

                     e.printStackTrace();

              }

 That’s it folks.. !!


~Swarup

Well today somebody asked me this question
Write a C function that will print 1 to N one per each line on the stdout where N is a int parameter to the function. The function should not use while, for, do-while loops, goto statement, recursion, and switch statement.

Was able to do it.. therefore thought of sharing it too..

#include <setjmp.h>
#include <stdio.h>
void myfunc(int n)
{
 jmp_buf ebuf;
 int i;
 int k = 1 ;
 i = setjmp(ebuf);
 if(i == 0)
 {
  longjmp(ebuf, k++);
 }
 else
 {
  if ( i <= n )
  {
   printf("%d\n", i);
   longjmp(ebuf, k++);
  }
 }
}